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Extrahepatic cholestasis

MedGen UID:
2241
•Concept ID:
C0005398
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Bile Duct Obstruction, Extrahepatic; Biliary Stasis, Extrahepatic; Cholestasis, Extrahepatic; Extrahepatic Biliary Stasis; Extrahepatic Cholestasis
SNOMED CT: Extrahepatic obstructive biliary disease (8262006); Extrahepatic cholestasis (20719006)
 
HPO: HP:0012334
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006757

Definition

Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in large bile ducts outside the liver. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVExtrahepatic cholestasis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Predictive factors in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant causes in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for extrahepatic cholestasis.
Yildirim O, Erdogan MA
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023 Dec;27(23):11457-11463. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34584. PMID: 38095393
Chronic cholangitides: Differential diagnosis and role of MRI.
Cebada Chaparro E, Lloret Del Hoyo J, Méndez Fernández R
Radiologia (Engl Ed) 2020 Nov-Dec;62(6):452-463. Epub 2020 Oct 31 doi: 10.1016/j.rx.2020.08.004. PMID: 33138982
Treatment of cholestatic pruritus in children.
Cies JJ, Giamalis JN
Am J Health Syst Pharm 2007 Jun 1;64(11):1157-62. doi: 10.2146/ajhp060453. PMID: 17519457

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Evaluation of renal arterial resistive index in patients with extrahepatic cholestasis.
Gok Sargin Z, Bayav M, Dusunceli I, Celik U, Ustundag Y
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023 Nov;27(21):10438-10445. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202311_34318. PMID: 37975367
Features, management, and long-term outcome in dogs with pancreatitis and bile duct obstruction treated medically and surgically: 41 dogs (2015-2021).
Cleary K, Chong WL, Angles JM
J Am Vet Med Assoc 2023 Nov 1;261(11):1694-1701. Epub 2023 Jul 14 doi: 10.2460/javma.23.03.0155. PMID: 37451676
Antireflux metal stent for biliary obstruction: Any benefits?
Hamada T, Nakai Y, Isayama H, Koike K
Dig Endosc 2021 Mar;33(3):310-320. Epub 2020 Jun 16 doi: 10.1111/den.13679. PMID: 32250476
Insight into the distinctive paradigm of Human Cytomegalovirus associated intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis in neonates.
Chatterjee A, Mukherjee S, Basu B, Roy D, Basu R, Ghosh H, Mishra L, Bhattacharya M, Chakraborty N
Sci Rep 2020 Sep 28;10(1):15861. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73009-z. PMID: 32985571Free PMC Article
Transient elastography.
Wong VW, Chan HL
J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010 Nov;25(11):1726-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06437.x. PMID: 21039833

Diagnosis

Transient elastography.
Wong VW, Chan HL
J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010 Nov;25(11):1726-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06437.x. PMID: 21039833
Extrahepatic manifestations of cholestasis.
Glasova H, Beuers U
J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002 Sep;17(9):938-48. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2002.02717.x. PMID: 12167113
Histopathology of cholestasis.
Desmet VJ
Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol 1995;79:233-40. PMID: 8600686
Mirizzi's syndrome.
Toursarkissian B, Holley DT, Kearney PA, McGrath PC, Zweng TN
South Med J 1994 Apr;87(4):471-5. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199404000-00009. PMID: 8153773
Contemporary surgery of biliary atresia.
Lilly JR, Karrer FM
Pediatr Clin North Am 1985 Oct;32(5):1233-46. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)34902-1. PMID: 3897988

Therapy

Features, management, and long-term outcome in dogs with pancreatitis and bile duct obstruction treated medically and surgically: 41 dogs (2015-2021).
Cleary K, Chong WL, Angles JM
J Am Vet Med Assoc 2023 Nov 1;261(11):1694-1701. Epub 2023 Jul 14 doi: 10.2460/javma.23.03.0155. PMID: 37451676
Antireflux metal stent for biliary obstruction: Any benefits?
Hamada T, Nakai Y, Isayama H, Koike K
Dig Endosc 2021 Mar;33(3):310-320. Epub 2020 Jun 16 doi: 10.1111/den.13679. PMID: 32250476
Endoscopic drainage in patients with malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction: when and how.
Mangiavillano B, Papanikolaou IS, Arvanitakis M, Auriemma F, Bianchetti M, Tarantino I, Traina M, Deviere J, Repici A
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020 Oct;32(10):1279-1283. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000001752. PMID: 32398490
Treatment of cholestatic pruritus in children.
Cies JJ, Giamalis JN
Am J Health Syst Pharm 2007 Jun 1;64(11):1157-62. doi: 10.2146/ajhp060453. PMID: 17519457
Mechanisms of cholestasis.
Kullak-Ublick GA, Meier PJ
Clin Liver Dis 2000 May;4(2):357-85. doi: 10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70114-8. PMID: 11232196

Prognosis

The Role of miRNA and Long Noncoding RNA in Cholestatic Liver Diseases.
Zhang Y, Liu Y, Huo W, He L, Li B, Wang H, Meng F, Duan C, Zhou B, Wu J, Chen R, Xing J, Wan Y
Am J Pathol 2024 Jun;194(6):879-893. Epub 2024 Feb 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.02.006. PMID: 38417698
Transient elastography.
Wong VW, Chan HL
J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010 Nov;25(11):1726-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06437.x. PMID: 21039833
Drug-induced cholestasis.
Larrey D, Erlinger S
Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol 1988 Apr;2(2):423-52. doi: 10.1016/0950-3528(88)90010-3. PMID: 3044469
Contemporary surgery of biliary atresia.
Lilly JR, Karrer FM
Pediatr Clin North Am 1985 Oct;32(5):1233-46. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)34902-1. PMID: 3897988
Chronic pancreatitis.
Cooperman AM
Surg Clin North Am 1981 Feb;61(1):71-83. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)42333-9. PMID: 7010640

Clinical prediction guides

Predictive factors in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant causes in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for extrahepatic cholestasis.
Yildirim O, Erdogan MA
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023 Dec;27(23):11457-11463. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34584. PMID: 38095393
Insight into the distinctive paradigm of Human Cytomegalovirus associated intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis in neonates.
Chatterjee A, Mukherjee S, Basu B, Roy D, Basu R, Ghosh H, Mishra L, Bhattacharya M, Chakraborty N
Sci Rep 2020 Sep 28;10(1):15861. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73009-z. PMID: 32985571Free PMC Article
Cholestasis: pathophysiology and pathobiochemistry.
Krell H, Enderle GJ
Z Gastroenterol 1993 Feb;31 Suppl 2:11-5. PMID: 7483688
Tumour markers in pancreatic cancer.
Haglund C, Kuusela P, Roberts PJ
Ann Chir Gynaecol 1989;78(1):41-53. PMID: 2667448
Drug-induced cholestasis.
Larrey D, Erlinger S
Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol 1988 Apr;2(2):423-52. doi: 10.1016/0950-3528(88)90010-3. PMID: 3044469

Recent systematic reviews

Management of occluded metal stents in malignant biliary obstruction: similar outcomes with second metal stents compared to plastic stents.
Shah T, Desai S, Haque M, Dakik H, Fisher D
Dig Dis Sci 2012 Nov;57(11):2765-73. Epub 2012 Jun 26 doi: 10.1007/s10620-012-2272-7. PMID: 22732833Free PMC Article
Laparoscopic treatment of Mirizzi syndrome: a systematic review.
Antoniou SA, Antoniou GA, Makridis C
Surg Endosc 2010 Jan;24(1):33-9. Epub 2009 May 23 doi: 10.1007/s00464-009-0520-5. PMID: 19466486
Plastic or metal stents for benign extrahepatic biliary strictures: a systematic review.
van Boeckel PG, Vleggaar FP, Siersema PD
BMC Gastroenterol 2009 Dec 17;9:96. doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-9-96. PMID: 20017920Free PMC Article
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography with or without stenting in patients with pancreaticobiliary malignancy, prior to surgery.
Mumtaz K, Hamid S, Jafri W
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007 Jul 18;2007(3):CD006001. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006001.pub2. PMID: 17636818Free PMC Article
Malignant distal biliary obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of endoscopic and surgical bypass results.
Moss AC, Morris E, Leyden J, MacMathuna P
Cancer Treat Rev 2007 Apr;33(2):213-21. Epub 2006 Dec 8 doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2006.10.006. PMID: 17157990

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